Etude Phytochimique et Evaluation des Activités anti-Oxydante, Anti-inflammatoire et Antifalcemiante des extraits de Rhizomes de Aframomum alboviolaceum (Ridl.) K. Schum (Zingiberaceae).

Abstract

Medicinal plants are an important source of therapeutic compounds and have paved the way for the development of new drugs. Among the plants used in traditional medicine for the management of sickle cell disease is A. alboviolaceum. The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and evaluate the biological activities of extracts from the rhizomes of A. alboviolaceum. Histological features were determined by powder micrographs. The various groups of secondary metabolites were identified through standard screening and thin-layer chromatography. The content of secondary metabolites and mineral elements was determined via UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Antifalcemic activity was assessed using the Emmel test; antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by thermal denaturation of ovalbumin. The results showed that the rhizome powder of this plant contains distinctive histological components. Qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses revealed the presence of diverse chemical compounds in the rhizomes of this plant. The evaluation of in vitro biological activities demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, anti-sickle cell, and antioxidant activities of the rhizome extracts of this plant. The results suggest strong therapeutic potential for this plant in the treatment of inflammation, sickle cell disease, and oxidative damage. With that, this study paves the way for future research aimed at elucidating the specific mechanisms of action of the bioactive compounds present in the rhizomes of A. alboviolaceum, as well as exploring their potential as therapeutic agents.