Evaluation de la prévalence des helminthes parasites des animaux d'élevage au Jardin expérimental de la Mention Sciences de la Vie, Université de Kinshasa (République Démocratique du Congo)

Abstract

Various livestock animals, including Thryonomys swinderianus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cavia porcellus, Mus musculus, Cairina moschata, Columba columba, and Gallus gallus, raised at the Experimental Garden of the Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Kinshasa, were examined for the presence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in the context of zoonosis and the "One Health" approach. Microscopic observations revealed a total of 415 specimens belonging to 13 helminth parasite species from the Nematode class, along with one larva of Trichostrongylus sp. High parasitism was observed for Capillaria sp (100.3%), Ascaridia sp (70.55%), Paraspidodera sp (81%), Syngamus sp (52%), Nippostrongylus sp (17.85%), and Graphidium strigosum (15.3%), while low parasitism was observed for Trichostrongylus sp (9.35%), Trichuris muris (5.95%), Amidostomum anseris (1.7%), Heterakis sp (0.85%), Passalurus sp (0.85%), and Nematospiroïdes dubia (0.3%). Infestations varied according to the animal groups examined, and due to collective breeding, there were interactions among the parasites. The prevalences of parasitic species were significant (P-v < 0.05), except for Heterakis sp (P-v = 0.099) found in Cairina moschata and Passalurus sp (P-v = 0.112) found in Oryctolagus cuniculus, which were not significant (P-v > 0.05). Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that it is necessary to subject the animals to appropriate treatment, as all groups examined were heavily parasitized by helminths.