Utilisation des drèches de bière transformées dans l’alimentation porcines: effets sur la croissance et les performances zootechniques.

Abstract

One hundred and twenty pigs from post-weaning to slaughter (18-100 kg live weight, 125 days) divided into 4 groups (0-50% ensiled distiller’s grains in dry matter) in a commercial farm in Betafo with isoenergetic (3280 kilocalories per kilogram) and isoprotein (16.2% crude protein) rations, nutritional analyses according to AOAC methods and SAS version 9.4 statistics. Optimum at 20% ensiled distiller’s grains with average daily gain of 712 grams per day (plus 3.8% vs control, p=0.008), final live weight 101.2 kilograms (plus 2.5%), feed conversion ratio 3.28 kilograms per kilogram of gain. Quadratic response (R² coefficient 0.78) with degradation exceeding 35%: average daily gain decreased by 5-11%, feed conversion ratio increased by 13-25%, dry matter digestibility 77.8-81.2% vs. 88.4% control (p<0.001). Carcass yield remained stable at 73-74%, backfat thickness (P2 point) increased by 16% in the 50% group (p=0.002), blood urea increased by 28.4 milligrams per deciliter in the 50% group (p=0.003), and mortality was zero. Increased palatability due to fermentation compensated for reduced digestibility, performance exceeding previous tropical trials, essential lysine supplementation exceeding 20%, and improved fiber tolerance in hardy breeds. Twenty percent of ensiled distiller’s grains represents the optimal rate for semi-intensive pig farms in Vakinankaratra, resulting in a 4% productivity gain, marketable carcass yield, and a recycling rate of 1.2 tonnes per 100 pigs. Recommended protocol: 28-day ensiling, Lactobacillus plantarum 10 million colony-forming units per kilogram, lysine plus 0.15%.